14th Organ Donation Day - Aspirant IAS Academy

Context

The 14th Organ Donation day was observed on the 3rd August.

Table of Contents

The Indian Organ Donation Day (IODD) has been observed annually since 2010 to enhance attention about mind stem dying and organ donation, and encourage the citizens to donate organs and tissues after death.
This year under the campaign “Angdaan Jan Jagrukta Abhiyaan” various focus activities have been organized throughout the country.
- Under the Abhiyaan, the month of July was observed as the Organ Donation Month.

Organ Transplantation/ Donation is a surgery in which an organ, tissue or a collection of cells are removed from one person and surgically transplanted into every other character.
In India, the organ transplantation is one of the lowest in evaluation with the western countries.
According to the Health Ministry’s statistics, the variety of donors (including deceased) only grew from 6,916 in 2014 to about 16,041 in 2022.

Saving Lives: Organ donation saves lives via presenting people stricken by organ failure with a hazard for a more fit and longer life.
Addressing Organ Shortages: There is a global scarcity of organs to be had for transplantation. Organ donation helps address this shortage and increases the pool of organs available for those in need.
Promoting Human Solidarity: It is a selfless act that transcends cultural, racial, and geographical boundaries, bringing human beings together in a shared dedication to saving and improving lives.
Raising Awareness: Organ donation tasks assist improve awareness about the significance of donation and transplantation.
Legal and Ethical Considerations: Organ donation is regularly guided by legal and ethical frameworks that prioritize the autonomy and consent of donors.

High Burden (Demand Versus Supply gap).
Poor Infrastructure especially in Govt. Sector hospitals.
Lack of Awareness of the concept of Brain Stem Death among stakeholders.
Poor Awareness and mindset in the direction of organ donation— Poor Deceased Organ donation charge.
Lack of Organized systems for organ procurement from deceased donors.
Prevention and Control of Organ buying and selling.
High Cost (in particular for uninsured and bad patients).

Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994: It is the primary law related to organ donation and transplantation in India and is aimed at the law of elimination, storage and transplantation of human organs for healing functions and for prevention of commercial dealings in human organs.
Transplantation of Human Organs (Amendment) Act, 2011: It lets in swapping of organs and widens the donor pool by way of which includes grandparents and grandchildren inside the listing.
Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Rules (THOT), 2014: It has many provisions to remove the impediments to organ donation while curtailing misuse/misinterpretation of the guidelines.

The Director-General of Health Services (DGHS) has urged the health government to make sure that a unique NOTTO-ID for each the donor and recipient of organs is generated by means of the sanatorium concerned in all instances of organ transplants.
The States and U.T.S need to devise a machine of regular inspection of the registered transplant/retrieval hospitals to ensure on-site monitoring of their activities, quality of transplantation, post operative follow-up of donor and recipient, and outcomes of transplantation.
The DGHS underscored the want to make certain regular collection and sharing of data of all transplant cases, including those of foreigners.

Source: PIB

UPSC Mains Practice Question
Q. What are the key challenges and advancements in the field of organ donation in India?

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