Unique disability IDs (UDIDs)

Aspirant IAS Academy

Table of Contents

Context
As per the information of the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD), generation of unique disability IDs (UDIDs) had increased from an average of 5,000 IDs a day to an average of 7,000 to 9,000 daily during the ‘90-day Azadi Se Antodaya Tak campaign’.
Background
  • The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities had made it mandatory for states to issue UDIDs through its online portal from June 1, 2021 onwards.
  • As of May 2, 2023 a total of 72, 06,947 IDs had been generated since the UDID project started in 2016.
Azadi Se Antodaya Tak campaign:
  • The campaign was launched on April 28, 2023 by the Union government to improve enrolment in several schemes across Ministries in 75 districts identified for their connection with freedom fighters as a part of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav.
  • The campaign was organised by the Rural Development Ministry.
 About the ‘Unique Disability ID’:
  • Objective:
    • The UDID project initiated by Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities aims at building a holistic end-to-end integrated system for Issuance of Universal ID & Disability Certificates for Person with Disabilities with their identification and disability details.
  • Implemented by:
    • Unique ID for Persons with Disabilities project is being implemented with a view of creating a National Database for PwDs, and to issue a Unique Disability Identity Card to each person with disabilities.
  • It includes –
    • Online availability of data of Person with Disabilities across country through a centralized web application
    • Online filing and submission of registration application form for disability certificate/ Universal ID card; Offline applications may also be accepted and subsequently digitized by agencies
    • Quick Assessment process for calculating the percentage of disability by the hospitals/ Medical Board
    • Non-duplication of PwDs data
    • Online renewal and update of information by Person with Disabilities/ on their behalf
    • MIS reporting framework
    • Effective management including interoperability of the benefits / schemes launched by the Government for Person with Disability (PwD)
    • To take care of additional disabilities in future. Number of disabilities at the moment is seven and shall be subject to increase as per the new Act/ notification which can be up to 19 or more.
  • Significance:
    • The project will encourage transparency, efficiency and ease of delivering the government benefits to the person with disabilities.
    • The project will also help in stream-lining the tracking of physical and financial progress of beneficiary at all levels of hierarchy of implementation – from village level, block level, District level, State level and National level.
Benefits: The UDID card shall bring a host of benefits to the Persons with Disabilities as given below:
  • Persons with disabilities will not need to make multiple copies of documents, maintain, and carry multiple documents as the card will capture all the necessary details which can be decoded with the help of a reader
  • The UDID card will be the single document of identification, verification of the disabled for availing various benefits in future
  • The UDID Card will also help in stream-lining the tracking of the physical and financial progress of beneficiary at all levels of hierarchy of implementation – from village level, block level, District level, State level and National level.
Types of Disabilities: As per the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights & Full Participation) Act, 1995 – A person with disability can be defined as one with one or more of disabilities falling under any of the below mentioned categories:
  • Blindness:- “Blindness” refers to a condition where a person suffers from any of the following conditions namely:-
  • Total absence of sight; or Visual acuity not exceeding 6/60 or 20/200 (Snellen) in the better eye with correcting lenses; or
  • Limitation of the field of vision subtending an angle of 20 degree or worse;
  • Cerebral Palsy:- “Cerebral Palsy” means a group of non-progressive conditions of a person characterized by abnormal motor control posture resulting from brain insult or injuries occurring in the pre-natal, peri-natal or infant period of development;
  • Low vision:- ” Low vision” means a person with impairment of visual functioning even after treatment of standard refractive correction but who uses or is potentially capable of using vision for the planning or execution of a task with appropriate assistive device;
  • Locomotor disability:- “Locomotor disability” means disability of the bones, joints or muscles leading to substantial restriction of the movement of the limbs or nay form of cerebral palsy;
  • Leprosy-cured:- “Leprosy-cured person” means person who has been cured of leprosy but is suffering from-
  • Loss of sensation in hands or feet as well as loss of sensation and paresis in the eye and eye-lid but with no manifest deformity;
  • Manifest deformity and paresis but having sufficient mobility in their hands and feet to enable them to engage in normal economic activity;
  • Extreme physical deformity as well as advanced age which prevents him from undertaking and gainful occupation and the expression “Leprosy Cured” shall be construed accordingly;
  • Mental retardation:- “Mental retardation” means a conditions of arrested or incomplete development of mind of a person which is specially characterized by sub normality of intelligence;
  • Mental illness:- “Mental illness” means any mental disorder other than Mental retardation
  • Hearing Impairment:- “Hearing Impairment” means loss of sixty decibels or more in the better ear in the conversational range of frequencies
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